Depends how well (or badly) the coolant plumbing was converted. Temp gauge should come off the sensor on engine coolant manifold (across top of block, under inlet manifold) The Subaru temp sender makes the VW gauge read wrong unless there is a resistor in the line to correct/fudge the reading.
The fan is triggered by a switch in the rad, unless ECU controlled (unlikely)
Axeman sorted all the problems with my ex-TSR 2wd conversion when he put it into a syncro, basically there was no thermostat fitted

I never checked it

and the heater/bypass plumbing was rubbish, so not enough got up to the radiator. It did have some odd problems, not unlike yours. Have a word with him, he's a good lad
PS The EJ22 was in our first bus too and it was a SA-built small window, for good measure!
PPS Ask around on the VWKD Subaru forum, starting off with as much as you know about the conversion i.e. who did it, what parts used etc. Post up pics of things like the bellhousing and engine support bar to help identifiation, if you don't know!
1985 Oettinger 3.2 Caravelle RHD syncro twin slider. SA Microbus bumpers, duplex winch system, ARC 7X15 period alloys